Multi-hazard zoning for national scale population risk mapping: a pilot study in Bhutan Himalaya

Abstract Landslides, floods, fires, windstorms, hailstorms, and earthquakes are major dangers in Bhutan due to historical events their potential damage. At present, systematic collection of data is scarce no multi-hazard zoning reported the existing literature for Bhutan. In addition, proper disaster management, recognizing existence hazards identifying vulnerable areas first important tasks any risk studies. To fill gap, main objective this study prepare assess population on seven hazard events. achieve this, we collected different periods based availability created a district-level database. A total 1224 were retrieved. We then calculated weighted score individual number occurrences degree impact through multi-criteria decision analysis model (MCDA) using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The district-wise scores obtained scores. (THS) was aggregated normalized obtain map open-source software QGIS, highlighting 70% districts with moderate severe vulnerability. Considering distribution each district at local levels, integrated mapped.